Summary
USMCA, which replaces NAFTA, is said to be the most important deal by Donald Trump.
The agreement released on Monday contains updated arrangements for Canada’s dairy industry and measures aimed at shifting lower-paid car manufacturing jobs from Mexico. It will create jobs in North America.
Canadian prime minister agrees that it is beneficial to Canadians as well. For other trade partners, Trump perceives them as tough and not prepared.
Donald Trump says new trade deal is ‘most important ever’
The president said the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), which replaces Nafta, would bring thousands of jobs back to North America.
Speaking at the White House, Mr Trump said the new pact vindicated his threats over trade tariffs.
The new deal covered trade between the three countries worth $1.2trn and was “truly historic”, he said.
It was also “the biggest trade deal in the United States history”, he told a press conference.
Mr Trump spoke after earlier posting tweets claiming the new trade pact solved the “deficiencies and mistakes” in Nafta, which has governed trade between the three countries since 1994.
He said the new deal was “much more reciprocal” than Nafta, which he described as “perhaps the worst trade deal ever made”.
The measures in the new deal – which Mr Trump dubbed “US MCA” – “will support many – hundreds of thousands – American jobs”.
The president has adopted an “America First” policy and launched a trade war against China, as well as imposed tariffs on steel and aluminium imports from Mexico and Canada.
“Without tariffs we wouldn’t be talking about a deal,” Mr Trump said.
Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said the trade deal was “profoundly beneficial” to Canadians.
“We had to make compromises, and some were more difficult than others,” he said. “We never believed that it would be easy, and it wasn’t, but today is a good day for Canada.”
However, Mr Trump said it was too soon to talk to China, on which the US has imposed three rounds of tariffs this year, about a trade deal.
“China wants to talk, very badly … [we] can’t talk now because they’re not ready,” Mr Trump said.
Other trading partners had been tough on the US, he said, including the European Union, which introduced retaliatory tariffs on US goods in June.
The president said he was having a “successful negotiation” with the EU.
He said it was “privilege” for other countries to trade with the US: “So we have negotiated this new agreement [with Mexico and Canada] based on the principle of fairness and reciprocity – to me it’s the most important world in trade, because we’ve been treated so unfairly by so many nations all over the world.”
The new deal was “terrific” for all three countries, he added.
Hundreds of pages of the agreement released early on Monday contain updated arrangements for Canada’s dairy industry and measures aimed at shifting lower-paid car manufacturing jobs from Mexico.
US farmers will gain access to 3.5% of Canada’s dairy market worth $16bn a year, while another requirement stipulates that 40% of components for vehicles produced in the USMCA area must be made in areas paying wages of $16 an hour.
‘More jobs’
Meredith Crowley, international trade economist at the University of Cambridge, said the agreement on dairy appeared be a “cosmetic concession”, suggesting Canada had done well out of the pact.
She said the insertion of a minimum wage level for car parts workers could lead to similar clauses in other trade deals: “If it turns out to be very politically popular in the US it could [be used again].”
Mr Trump said the deal was a victory for farmers, car workers and the US manufacturing industry: “It means far more American jobs, and these are high-quality jobs.”
Source: BBC News, Oct. 1, 2018. Photo credit to Reuters.